Terms in a Perio Risk Assessment:
Treatments Performed

Since Last Risk Assessment Date: This screen refers to any treatments performed on the patient in the interval of time since the last Risk Assessment (the date displayed on the screen). That date is the date the completed Risk Assessment was transmitted to PreViser for Risk Calculation.

You will likely have this information in your records, but you should also ask the patient in case any work was done by a specialist or another general dentist, especially since the latter could occur in an emergency or while the patient was out of town.

Note regarding treatments performed on the same date of the new Risk Assessment: Accuracy and consistency of reporting is vital. If you are generating a risk and disease report at the start of the current appointment but have not begun any treatments planned for that appointment, you should not indicate that those treatments have already been performed in your data entry. It is possible that the intended treatments are not in fact performed on that date. Therefore, to avoid inaccurate data on the reports, you should include all treatment completed since the last risk assessment and prior to the current risk assessment; only report treatment after it has been completed.
 

Preventive Treatments:

1. Prophylaxis/Maintenance: (# of procedures) This refers to any standard professional tooth cleaning or oral exam.

2. Sealants:
(# of teeth) Applied to adult or juvenile patients to prevent pit-and-fissure caries. Any sealant (clear or shaded plastic material, acid-etched resin, etc) applied to the chewing surfaces of premolars and molars to prevent caries on these surfaces.

3. Topical fluoride:
(# of procedures) This includes only in-office, professionally applied treatments (in the form of gel in trays or liquid brushed onto the teeth). This does not include: fluoridated water, fluoride supplements, toothpaste, self-applied products at home, prescription or over-the-counter oral rinses that do not contain fluoride.

4. Oral hygiene instruction: (# of times) This is the number of times the patient received instructions about their oral hygiene. This requires a specific time used to instruct and demonstrate how to use the recommended tools like manual and electric toothbrushes, floss, and interproximal brushes for good oral hygiene, in addition to explaining the frequency for this behavior and why it is important. The mere dispensing of oral hygiene products does not qualify as “instruction”.

5. Therapeutic Oral Rinse: (# of weeks): Indicate the number of weeks for which the patient was instructed to use the rinse. This refers to oral rinses available only by prescription and containing an ingredient that has antibacterial activity. Over-the-counter mouthwashes, salt water, and hydrogen peroxide are examples of commonly used rinses that are not considered a therapeutic oral rinse to be reported here. This does not mean that these rinses have no beneficial effect, but merely that their use is not being tabulated at this time.

6. Nutritional counseling/referral: (# of times) Indicate the number of times the patient was referred to a specialist or received nutritional counseling (e.g. a patient with diabetes, oral cancer, various forms of malnutrition or an eating disorder). Examples of referral sources include dietician and nutritionist.

7. Tobacco counseling/referral: (# of times) Indicate the number of times patient was referred to a specialist or received instruction and education regarding the impact of tobacco use on oral health and/or assistance in changing habits.

8. Medical condition referral: (# of times) The number of times a patient was referred for diagnosis and treatment for non-dental oral conditions like oral cancer, oral lichen planus, or other dermatologic (skin) diseases, and gingival proliferation due to disease or medications (e.g. dilantin, cyclosporine). This also includes referral to a physician for management of a systemic health condition, especially if it relates to dental treatment.

Examples include diabetes, cardiac conditions, and cancer. Not to be included in this category is referral to a dental specialist like an endodontist, oral surgeon, orthodontist, or periodontist. This application considers that TMJ syndrome is a dental, not medical, condition.

9. Oral habit instruction: (# of times) This includes instruction about all oral habits, including: chewing on fingernails or foreign objects, chewing ice, opening bottles with teeth, and thumb sucking.

10. Occlusal adjustment: (# of procedures) This is the number of treatment procedures performed, without regard to the number of teeth involved in each. Only one occlusal adjustment (adjustment of the biting relationships of the cusps of opposing teeth) can be done at a single appointment.

11. Bite guard: (# of procedures) Indicate the number of bite guards made. This may also be termed a "night guard".

 

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Related to Teeth:

1. Restorations: (# of teeth) This refers to the number of teeth (not the number of surfaces or parts of a single tooth that were restored), and includes any kind of filling material (amalgams, inlays, onlays, composite resins, and crowns).

2. Endodontics: (# of teeth) This asks for the number of teeth that had any endodontic treatment performed. Procedures include anything concerned with prevention or treatment of diseased dental pulp and the tissues at the root apex: apicoectomy, replantation of teeth accidentally knocked out or intentionally removed and replaced after surgery on the tooth apex, a hemisection, a root amputation, endodontic implants, pulp capping, or pulpotomy.

 

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Related to Periodontium:

1. Systemic chemotherapy: (# of weeks) Indicate the number of weeks for which the patient was instructed to use the prescribed medication.

2. Local delivery of chemotherapy: (# of sites) This asks for the number of local sites that had chemotherapeutic treatments performed.

3. Scaling and root planing: (# of quadrants) Indicate the number of quadrants that had this treatment performed.

4. Surgery-pockets, vertical bone, furcas: (# of quadrants) This is the number of quadrants treated with a surgical procedure for the purpose of decreasing the depth of the periodontal pocket. Examples include osseous surgery and guided bone regeneration surgery.

(More than one procedure may have been done on a quadrant; note that you should indicate the number of quadrants, not the number of procedures.)

5. Surgery-crown length, recession: (# of procedures) This is the number of surgical procedures done for any purpose other than decreasing the depth of the periodontal pocket. Examples include crown lengthening surgery and soft tissue grafts (for recession). Gingival flap surgery should be reported in the category "Surgery-pockets, vertical bone, furcas" regardless of the purpose.

(Since more than one procedure can be done in a quadrant, this number can exceed the number of quadrants treated. Indicate the number of procedures done.)

Note: The distinction between the above questions is based on the purpose of the surgery. Curettage, gingivectomy, gingival flap surgery, ENAP, and osseous surgery are generally to effect a change in the pocket. Crown lengthening surgery increases the visible amount of tooth (sticking out of the gums) and is not meant to “reduce” pocket depth. The method of osseous surgery is identical to crown lengthening surgery. The only differences are purpose and the former is done where periodontal disease exists. Crown lengthening surgery is done where periodontal disease does not exist. Mucogingival surgery includes several types all of which reduce the visible amount of tooth, create a thicker and wider amount of gum tissue or achieve both results. Mucogingival surgery is done because of recession. The purpose of these procedures is to improve appearance, prevent recession, or both.

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Related to Tooth Replacement:

1. Extractions (# of teeth): The number of teeth extracted. This refers to the extraction of any tooth except wisdom teeth (third molars). Note that you should count the number of teeth extracted independent from whether the tooth was replaced or not. In other words, a tooth that is extracted and not replaced is counted the same as a tooth that is extracted and replaced with an implant, bridge, partial denture or full denture.

2. Single tooth replacement – implants (# of implants): The number of implants that are used to replace a single tooth by means of a single crown. Multiple single tooth replacements that are splinted together belong in this category.

3. Fixed prosthesis (# of prostheses): The number of fixed (bridges) prostheses. One or more pontics must exist in the prosthesis.

4. Teeth abutments (# of teeth): Each fixed prosthesis includes one or more abutment teeth. This is the number of all abutment teeth in all prostheses done since the last treatment performed update.

5. Implant abutments (# of implants): A prosthesis might use an implant instead of a natural tooth as an abutment. This is the number of implant abutments in all prostheses done since the last "Treatments Performed" update.

6. Pontics (# of pontics): Each fixed prosthesis includes one or more abutment teeth. This is the number of all pontics in all prostheses done since the last treatment performed update.

7. Removable prosthesis (# of prostheses): This is the number of removable prostheses. This includes all partial and full denture designs.

8. Implant abutments (# of implants): This is the number of implants that are used as an abutment for a removable prosthesis. The implant can be restored with a crown or it can be used to retain a ball, bar, or other design to connect the prosthesis to the implant.

9. Provisional splinting (# of teeth and pontics): This is the number of teeth and pontics that are used in a provisional (temporary) splint for the purpose of replacing missing teeth or stabilizing loose teeth. These procedures can be intracoronal or extracoronal, using wire, resin, or both. This treatment does not include provisional bridge designs generally done as an interim procedure for a fixed prosthesis.

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You may also want to refer to the Table of the ADA's CDT-4 codes corresponding to treatments as used in the PreViser RiskCalculator™.